Energia

RSC Energia, headquartered in Korolyov, Moscow Oblast, is a Russian aerospace manufacturer and spacecraft design bureau. The company serves as the principal contractor for Russia's human spaceflight program, producing crewed and cargo spacecraft, space station modules, and satellite platforms. It has been responsible for pioneering achievements in the Soviet and Russian space programs, including the launch of the first artificial satellite Sputnik 1 and the first human spaceflight, Vostok 1. Over subsequent decades, it developed the Soyuz spacecraft, the Progress cargo vehicle, the Energia heavy-lift launch system, and modules for the Salyut, Mir, and International Space Station (ISS) programs.

RSC Energia has also been involved in international collaborations, including with NASA on Shuttle–Mir and later ISS operations. The company is currently developing the Orel spacecraft for future lunar and deep-space missions and remains the lead contractor for Russia's participation in the International Space Station. It continues to manage the production of Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, which are essential for sustaining crews aboard the ISS.

The company operates integration and launch support teams at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan and the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia. It has faced mounting financial difficulties in recent years, including severe debt, declining morale, and warnings of possible bankruptcy. Despite these challenges, RSC Energia aims to maintain its partnership with the United States until 2030.

Energia, headquartered in Korolyov, Moscow Oblast, Russia, is a leading aerospace company specializing in the design and construction of the Russian Orbital Segment of the International Space Station (ISS), including modules such as Zvezda, Pirs, Poisk, Rassvet, Nauka, and Prichal. The company has been involved in the ISS program since 1998 and continues to serve as the lead contractor for Russia's participation in this international collaboration. In addition to its work on the ISS, Energia is developing the Orel spacecraft for future lunar and deep-space missions. The company also collaborates with Roscosmos and industry partners on commercial satellite platforms and next-generation orbital infrastructure.

Energia has also been involved in the development of specialized systems, such as the Polyus orbital weapons platform, which was launched in 1987 but failed to reach orbit. The company's work spans a wide range of aerospace and defense applications, including human spaceflight programs like Soyuz. Energia is recognized for its expertise in rocket engine manufacturing, with notable contributions including the RD-170 engine.